
Reta$125

From the lab.
To a bigger conversation.
Categories describe areas of research and proposed benefits. A result in cells or animals is a starting point for exploration; it does not establish the same effect in people.
Community perspectives capture ideas and experiences from the wider conversation. Their claims remain attributed to their authors. Open any source to explore its methods, context, and conclusions.
Cellular resilience, mitochondrial biology, and peptide bioregulators.
17 sources to explore
Research paperMOTS-C treatment improved running performance in young and older mice. In a separate human experiment, exercise increased naturally produced MOTS-C in muscle and blood.
The human component measured an exercise response, not the effects of administering MOTS-C.
MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis
Joseph C. Reynolds et al. · Nature Communications, 2021
Research paperBrunel researchers reported telomere extension in normal human cell cultures after Epitalon, associated with increased telomerase. Cancer cell lines used a different telomere-maintenance pathway.
Cell experiments only; cancer-cell effects complicate translation. The linked article incorporates a published figure correction.
Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity
Sarah Al-Dulaimi et al. · Biogerontology, 2025
Community perspectiveJosh Mitteldorf reports from a symposium involving the St Petersburg bioregulator researchers. His reflections explain the appeal of short-peptide aging research and his call for replication and transparent follow-up data.
A personal conference report; the symposium was sponsored by the researchers’ laboratory, and its claims are not new clinical evidence.
Aging Gets Personal
Josh Mitteldorf · Aging Matters / ScienceBlog, 2017
Research paperThis randomized study found improved muscle insulin sensitivity and signaling after oral NMN in postmenopausal women with prediabetes and overweight or obesity.
The findings concern oral NMN in a specific population, not injected NAD+ or established lifespan extension.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women
Mihoko Yoshino et al. · Science, 2021
Community perspectiveReason places MOTS-C within the search for treatments that reproduce useful exercise signals, linking mitochondrial communication and metabolic regulation to a cited research review.
A short editorial built around a review excerpt; exercise-induced MOTS-C in people is separate from administering the peptide.
A Discussion of Mitochondrially Derived Peptide MOTS-c
Reason · Fight Aging!, 2023
Research paperThis discovery paper identifies MOTS-C as a mitochondrial peptide that influences muscle metabolism. Treatment protected mice against diet-related obesity and age-related insulin resistance.
The treatment findings come from mice and cells; they are not human weight-loss results.
The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance
Changhan Lee et al. · Cell Metabolism, 2015
Community perspectiveFoundMyFitness follows nicotinamide riboside from NAD+ biochemistry to mitochondrial, metabolic, and brain-aging research. Its discussion of tissue distribution helps explain why raising a blood marker and changing organ function are different questions.
The overview discusses precursors and some combination studies; these are not evidence for injected NAD+.
Nicotinamide riboside
FoundMyFitness · FoundMyFitness, 2025
Research paperIn 30 people with newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease, nicotinamide riboside increased brain NAD+ in a variable subset and altered metabolic measurements.
An early mechanistic trial, not proof of improved cognition or slowed Parkinson’s progression.
The NADPARK study: A randomized phase I trial of nicotinamide riboside supplementation in Parkinson's disease
Brage Brakedal et al. · Cell Metabolism, 2022
Research paperA randomized crossover study showed that oral nicotinamide riboside raised NAD+ in blood immune cells in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
The study established a biochemical response; broader functional outcomes were exploratory and cannot be transferred to NAD+ injections.
Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults
Christopher R. Martens et al. · Nature Communications, 2018
Research paperHumanin expression extended worm lifespan, while the HNG analog improved metabolic and inflammatory measures in middle-aged mice. The authors also observed higher circulating humanin in children of centenarians.
HNG is an analog; the human association does not demonstrate lifespan extension from treatment.
The mitochondrial derived peptide humanin is a regulator of lifespan and healthspan
Kelvin Yen et al. · Aging, 2020
Research paperThe synthetic tetrapeptide increased telomerase activity and telomere length in cultured human fetal fibroblasts. This early study underpins interest in Epitalon’s cellular-aging biology.
Cellular telomere changes do not establish longer human life; Epitalon is distinct from Epithalamin extract.
Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells
V. Kh. Khavinson, I. E. Bondarev, and A. A. Butyugov · Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2003
Research paperAn older comparative study followed 79 coronary patients. The authors reported better preservation of physical endurance, melatonin rhythms, and survival with Epithalamin added to usual care.
This small study concerns a pineal peptide extract, not synthetic Epitalon; its findings need independent confirmation.
Peptide geroprotector from the pituitary gland inhibits rapid aging of elderly people: results of 15-year follow-up.
O. V. Korkushko et al. · Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2011
Showing 12 of 17 sources